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Reviews

Mechanisms Of Immune Sensing Of Dna Damage

Di: Everly

Although the mechanisms by which DNA damage promotes retrotransposition are still unclear, it is possible that altered transcription factor expression following DNA damage

In this review we aim to mainly focus on mechanisms, either belonging to the classic DDR and to the innate immune system, that crosstalk and are activated when a DNA damage and aberrant

Epigenetic silencing of DNA sensing pathway by FOXM1 blocks

DNA Sensing in the Innate Immune Response | Physiology

The immune system, essential for the host defending against pathogens, acts as a double-edged sword in the physiological and pathological processes of CVDs. 4,5 Both the

However, this process appears to be overwhelmed by massive DNA damage or defects in DNA repair, a situation resulting in PRR activation (Härtlova et al., 2015). Why

  • DNA Damage Response and Immune Defense
  • Cytoplasmic DNA: sources, sensing, and role in aging and disease
  • DNA damage and innate immunity: links and trade-offs
  • Recognition of Endogenous Nucleic Acids by the Innate Immune System

Here we review current understanding of the mechanism by which cells sense damaged and foreign DNA. We examine the functional role of DNA damage signaling in

Apart from directly inducing DNA damage to eliminate cancer cells, radiotherapy (RT) exerts its antitumor effects through intracellular DNA damage sensing mechanisms,

Mechanistic link between DNA damage sensing, repairing and

Insights into the fundamental mechanisms that couple DNA damage with innate immune signaling will enable the fine tuning of therapeutic interventions that promote anti

Additionally, it is now apparent that the DNA damage arising from a multitude of DNA repair defects and DNA damage induced by some classical chemotherapies/radiation

The DDR sensing and signalling pathway are the collective mechanisms evolved by cells to combat the threat of DNA damage, namely the detection of DNA lesions, signalling

DNA sensing and activation of immune signaling. Any event that could potentially activate DDR can stimulate the innate immune pathways, even in the absence of DNA damage; thus, when

While the recognition of viral DNA is known to induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines, evidence that sensing of DNA damage can initiate immune

Imbalances between DNA damage and repair impair tissue homeostasis and lead to replication and transcription stress, mutation accumulation, and even cell death. These impacts from DDR defects can then drive tumorigenesis,

DNA damage and innate immunity: links and trade-offs

DDR and immunological response are linked by immune effectors such as the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)–Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) pathway. These

By examining studies on the interactions between the innate immune system and SARS-CoV-2, this review aims to provide insights into the mechanisms underlying immune

  • Mechanistic link between DNA damage sensing, repairing and
  • DNA repair and the contribution to chemotherapy resistance
  • Autophagy takes the STING out of DNA sensing
  • DNA damage response signaling pathways and targets for
  • cGAS/STING signalling pathway in senescence and oncogenesis

The DNA damage response comprises a set of imperfect pathways that maintain cell survival following exposure to DNA damaging agents. Cancers frequently exhibit DNA

First, we will discuss how viruses induce DNA damage and antagonize the sensing of this DNA damage. Second, we will discuss how viruses modulate the DDR signaling

Here we review current understanding of the mechanism by which cells sense damaged and foreign DNA. We examine the functional role of DNA damage signaling in

Here, we discuss the current understanding of the mechanisms by which DNA damage activates immune responses that target and eradicate cancer cells. Yet,

The first involves a foundational concept in the field known as “cytosolic DNA sensing,” which was proposed in 2006 as a logical (but not evidence-based) explanation for

To ensure genomic integrity, cells have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to repair DNA damage, including DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). The two major DSB repair pathways are

The innate immune system uses both constitutive and inducible mechanisms to eliminate infections and damaged self to maintain homeostasis (Fig. 1).Although the

The enormous diversity of membrane-based compartments in eukaryotes further adds to the reasons why detection of DNA by the innate immune system is not straightforward;

Request PDF | Immune sensing of DNA | Although it has been appreciated for some years that cytosolic DNA is immune stimulatory, it is only in the past five years that the

The second model is that severe DNA damage, leading to cell death, increases extracellular DNA to activate DNA sensing in nearby cells [39]. While it is certain that both

Model illustrating how DNA damage leads to the activation of innate immunity and how innate immunity causes in return DNA damage. The DNA damage response leads to apoptosis, transient cell cycle arrest or cellular

This review aims to provide an updated overview of how the innate immune system detects and responds to DNA damage. An improved understanding of the regulatory intricacies governing

Future studies should explore and specify the immune regulatory mechanisms induced by dsRNAs with different characteristics, in vivo as well as their synergistic

Recent research has shed light on a complex array of nucleic acid sensors crucial for innate immune activation in response to oncogenic stress-associated DNA damage, a

Innate immunity is the first-line defense against foreign invasive materials to trigger adaptive immunity and clear infection in mammals by recognizing unique infectious materials

Mitochondrial DNA mislocalized to the cytosol and/or the extracellular compartments can trigger innate immune and inflammation responses by binding DNA-sensing